States of Matter is a Class 11 Chemistry chapter that carries about 2.5% of the Chemistry questions in NEET. Practise it with 39 questions covering 4 topics, each with an explanation.
Sample questions on States of Matter with answers
8 questions from the practice bank, spread across the chapter's topics. The full set is in the app.
Question 1: Gas Laws and the Ideal Gas Equation
At constant temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is halved. Its pressure:
- A halves
- B doubles
- C stays the same
- D becomes one quarter
Answer: B. doubles
Why: Boyle's law gives PV = constant at fixed temperature, so halving the volume doubles the pressure.
Question 2: Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
As the temperature of a gas is raised, the Maxwell distribution of molecular speeds:
- A shifts to higher speeds and becomes broader and flatter
- B becomes a single sharp peak
- C does not change
- D narrows and shifts to lower speeds
Answer: A. shifts to higher speeds and becomes broader and flatter
Why: The most probable speed rises, and the fraction of molecules with high speeds grows.
Question 3: Liquid State and Surface Tension
The correct order of the strengths of intermolecular forces is:
- A London > dipole–dipole > hydrogen bonding > ion–dipole
- B ion–dipole > hydrogen bonding > dipole–dipole > London forces
- C hydrogen bonding > ion–dipole > London > dipole–dipole
- D dipole–dipole > ion–dipole > London > hydrogen bonding
Answer: B. ion–dipole > hydrogen bonding > dipole–dipole > London forces
Why: Typical bond energies fall from ion–dipole through hydrogen bonds to dispersion forces.
Question 4: Real Gases and van der Waals Equation
In the van der Waals equation, the gas whose molecules have stronger attractive forces has a:
- A value of a equal to zero
- B larger value of the constant a, and it is more easily liquefied
- C larger b only
- D smaller value of a
Answer: B. larger value of the constant a, and it is more easily liquefied
Why: The pressure correction is a(n/V)².
Question 5: Gas Laws and the Ideal Gas Equation
A gas of volume 1 L at 27 °C and 1 atm is changed to 2 atm and 127 °C. The new volume is:
- A 2.67 L
- B 0.67 L
- C 1.5 L
- D 0.5 L
Answer: B. 0.67 L
Why: V₂ = V₁(P₁/P₂)(T₂/T₁) = 1 × (1/2) × (400/300).
Question 6: Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
According to the kinetic theory, the average kinetic energy of a gas becomes zero at:
- A 0 °C
- B −100 °C
- C absolute zero (0 K)
- D 273 K
Answer: C. absolute zero (0 K)
Why: The average kinetic energy is proportional to the absolute temperature.
Question 7: Liquid State and Surface Tension
A liquid droplet tends to adopt a spherical shape because:
- A gravity acts equally in all directions
- B a sphere has the minimum surface area for a given volume, minimising surface energy
- C the viscosity of the liquid is high
- D the vapour pressure is uniform
Answer: B. a sphere has the minimum surface area for a given volume, minimising surface energy
Why: Surface tension makes the liquid minimise its surface energy, and for a fixed volume the sphere is the shape of least surface area.
Question 8: Real Gases and van der Waals Equation
For CO₂ at moderate pressures, the compressibility factor Z is less than 1 because:
- A repulsive forces dominate
- B the temperature is too high
- C the molecules have no volume
- D attractive forces between molecules dominate
Answer: D. attractive forces between molecules dominate
Why: At very high pressures, the finite size of the molecules makes Z greater than 1.